Gum Surgery in Kolkata: Flap Surgery, Gum Grafting and Gum Depigmentation Explained

When deep cleaning is not enough, gum surgery can stop gum disease, cover exposed roots or even out dark gums. A periodontist explains the procedures, recovery and when each is needed.

Overview

Most gum problems are treated without surgery. Early gum disease responds well to professional cleaning and better home care, as our guide on bleeding gums and gum disease explains. But when gum disease has created deep pockets around the teeth, or when gums have receded, surgery by a periodontist (a gum specialist) can protect your teeth for the long term.

First step: deep cleaning

Before any surgery, we usually carry out teeth scaling and root planing, which cleans plaque and tartar from below the gumline and smooths the root surfaces. After a few weeks we measure the gum pockets again. Many patients need nothing further; surgery is considered only for areas that have not healed.

Flap surgery (pocket reduction)

If deep pockets remain, flap surgery lets the periodontist lift the gum back slightly to clean the roots thoroughly and reshape damaged bone, then stitch the gum back snugly around the teeth. Smaller, shallower pockets are much easier to keep clean, which helps stop gum disease from progressing. In some cases, regenerative materials can be used to encourage lost bone to rebuild.

Gum grafting for receding gums

When gums recede, roots become exposed, causing sensitivity, a longer-looking tooth and a higher risk of root decay. A gum graft takes a small piece of tissue, usually from the palate, and places it over the exposed root to cover it and thicken the gum. It can reduce sensitivity and improve the appearance of your smile.

Gum depigmentation (gum whitening)

Some people have naturally dark or patchy gums due to melanin pigment. This is harmless, but if it bothers you, gum depigmentation gently removes the pigmented surface layer so lighter pink tissue heals in its place. Where suitable, this can be done with laser-assisted techniques. Pigmentation can return over time in some people.

Crown lengthening

Crown lengthening reshapes the gum and, if needed, bone to expose more tooth. It is used to correct a gummy smile or to give a dentist enough tooth to fit a strong crown.

What recovery is like

Gum procedures are done under local anaesthesia. Afterwards, expect some tenderness and mild swelling for a few days. Eat soft food, avoid smoking, follow any rinse or medicine instructions, and attend your review visit. Most people return to normal routines within a day or two.

What affects the cost

The cost depends on the procedure, how many teeth or areas are treated, and whether grafts or regenerative materials are needed. After examining your gums and measuring the pockets, we give you a clear treatment plan and estimate.

Frequently asked questions

Is gum surgery painful? You are numb during the procedure. Afterwards, discomfort is usually mild and managed with medicine.

Will gum disease come back? It can if plaque is not controlled. Regular maintenance visits and good home care keep results stable.

Is laser gum treatment available? Our periodontist uses laser-assisted techniques where they suit the case.

Learn more about advanced gum treatment or book a consultation with our periodontist at Park Street, Salt Lake or New Alipore.